The following is a more Formal
Categorization of Problem solving Strategies:
• Abstraction: solving the
problem in a model of the system before applying it to the real system
• Analogy: using a
solution that solves an analogous problem
• Brainstorming:
(especially among groups of people) suggesting a large number of solutions or
ideas and combining and developing them until an optimum is found
• Divide and conquer:
breaking down a large, complex problem into smaller, solvable problems
• Hypothesis testing:
assuming a possible explanation to the problem and trying to prove (or, in some
contexts, disprove) the assumption
• Lateral thinking:
approaching solutions indirectly and creatively
• Means-ends analysis:
choosing an action at each step to move closer to the goal
• Method of focal objects:
synthesizing seemingly non-matching characteristics of different objects into
something new
• Morphological analysis:
assessing the output and interactions of an entire system
• Proof: try to prove that
the problem cannot be solved. The point where the proof fails will be the
starting point for solving it
• Reduction: transforming
the problem into another problem for which solutions exist
• Research: employing
existing ideas or adapting existing solutions to similar problems
• Root cause analysis:
identifying the cause of a problem
• Trial-and-error: testing
possible solutions until the right one is found
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